The S&P 500 is trading above the key 1,400 level and on track for a 12% gain for the first quarter, but ETFs that invest in the basic materials sector and copper are flashing weakness.

The $1.8 billion Materials Select Sector SPDR Fund (NYSEArca: XLB) is actually down 2% over the past month, while iPath Dow Jones-UBS Copper ETN (NYSEArca: JJC) is also in negative territory with a 3% decline.

Some technical analysts watch materials and copper ETFs to gauge the health of the global economy.

In the past, a lack of upside follow-through by the basic materials sector and copper has been a sign that the economy lacked strength going forward, says Chris Kimble at Kimble Charting Solutions.

“Most materials firms produce commodity products and operate in a highly cyclical industry,” says Morningstar analyst Robert Goldsborough in a report on Materials Select Sector SPDR Fund (XLB). “This fund struggled in 2011, significantly underperforming the broader market amid global economic woes.”

More recently, weakness in top holding Freeport-McMoRan (NYSE: FCX) has weighed on the materials ETF. Other funds in the sector include iShares Dow Jones US Basic Materials (NYSEArca: IYM), Focus Morningstar Basic Materials (NYSEArca: FBM) and Vanguard Materials (NYSEArca: VAW).

Lackluster performance from copper ETFs could be another warning sign for U.S. stocks. Copper demand has been indicative of economic activity because of the base metal’s wide industrial applications. [Paging Dr. Copper]

Materials Select Sector SPDR Fund

iPath Dow Jones –UBS Copper ETN

Full disclosure: Tom Lydon’s clients own FCX.